ドナー特異的同種抗体(donor specific alloantibody:DSA)は妊娠,輸血,過去の移植などで感作される抗ヒト白血球抗原HLA(human leukocyte antigen)抗体であり,ドナーHLAに対する抗体であった場合には,腎移植後に高率に抗体関連拒絶反応を惹起し,移植腎機能予後に多大な影響を及ぼす.このため献腎提供が世界と比し少なく,ドナーソースを生体腎移植に依存している本邦では,DSA陽性腎移植は移植医療が発展した現在でもなお喫緊の課題である.移植前からの脱感作療法が行われているが,その効果は一定の見解を得られていない.
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