1) Kwaan HC:Hyperviscosity in plasma cell dyscrassias. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2013;55:75-83 2) Stone MJ, Bogen SA:Evidence-based focused review of management of hyperviscosity syndrome. Blood 2012;119:2205-8 3) Ansell SM, Kyle RA, Reeder CB:Diagnosis and management of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia:Mayo stratification of macroglobulinemia and risk-adapted therapy (mSMART) guidelines. Mayo Clin Proc 2010;85:824-33 4) Hoffkes HG, Heemann UW, Tschendorf C, et al:Hyperviscosity syndrome:efficacy and comparison of plasma exchange by plasma separation and cascade filtration in patients with immunocytoma of Wardenstrom's type. Clin Nephrol 1995;43:335-8 5) Adams WS, Blahd WH, Bassett SH:A method of human plasmapheresis. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1952;80:377-9